STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator) is a power electronic device used in electrical power systems for voltage control and power factor correction. In a solar farm, the main functions of a STATCOM are as follows:

Voltage Regulation:

Solar farms typically operate at high voltages, and fluctuations in solar irradiation and load demand can cause voltage variations. STATCOMs can regulate the voltage by injecting or absorbing reactive power into the grid, thereby maintaining voltage stability within acceptable limits.

Power Factor Correction:

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems usually have power electronic interfaces, such as inverters, which can introduce reactive power imbalances. STATCOMs can compensate for these imbalances and ensure a unity power factor, improving the overall power quality of the solar farm.

Grid Integration:

When solar farms are connected to the utility grid, they need to comply with grid codes and regulations. STATCOM is capable of providing grid support functions like voltage control, grid synchronization, frequency regulation, and reactive power support, ensuring the seamless integration and operation of the solar farm with the grid.

Reactive Power Support:

Solar farms may require additional reactive power support, especially during low solar irradiation conditions. STATCOM can dynamically inject or absorb reactive power to maintain the required voltage levels and support the stability of the grid.

Dynamic Voltage Stability:

Solar farms can experience voltage fluctuations due to changes in solar generation or grid conditions. STATCOM can rapidly respond to these fluctuations, providing dynamic voltage support and enhancing the stability and reliability of the solar farm.

By performing these functions, a STATCOM helps optimize the operation and performance of the solar farm, improves power quality, and enhances the integration of the solar generation with the utility grid.